Epinephrine
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What
is Anaphylaxis?
Anaphylaxis
is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction
that can affect various areas of the body including the
skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular
system.
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Hives,
total body itching and swelling, difficulty breathing, swelling
of the mouth and throat area, vomiting, cramping and diarrhea
are some of the symptoms associated with anaphylaxis.
Anaphylactic
Shock
In the most severe cases the sufferer can go into shock. Swelling
of the bronchial tissues in the lungs can cause a person to choke
and lose consciousness. A precipitous drop in blood pressure due
to dilated (expanded) blood vessels can also result in a loss
of consciousness.
In
such cases of anaphylactic shock it is imperative that treatment
be administered immediately. Without prompt attention anaphylactic
shock can be fatal.
Who
is Most Susceptible?
Annually, about 3 out of every 10,000 people experience anaphylactic
reactions. People with asthma, eczema or hay fever tend to be
at a greater relative risk of incurring anaphylaxis.
The
most common allergens that provoke anaphylaxis include:
- Food
(shellfish, nuts, and dairy products are the more prevalent
culprits)
- Medication
- Insect
Stings
- Latex
How
Do You Treat Anaphylaxis?
Epinephrine is the one effective treatment for an anaphylactic
reaction. Epinephrine is a form of adrenaline. It works rapidly,
reducing the swelling of the bronchial tubes and other airways
to ease breathing. It increases the heart rate and blood pressure
and ultimately reverses the symptoms of the anaphylactic reaction.
If taken at the onset of an anaphylactic episode, epinephrine
can prevent the further progression of the symptoms.
Epinephrine
is given by injection into the thigh, usually with an automatic
injection device. Once a person who has suffered anaphylactic
shock has been stabilized it is important that they get further
care at a hospital.
People
who are highly susceptible to anaphylactic reactions should always
carry an epinephrine injection kit and wear a medical alert bracelet.
About
the Author
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by ISL Consulting Co.
